Chinese characters : Query result

Character: 炒

Modern (Beijing) reading: chǎo

Preclassic Old Chinese: shrūʔ

Classic Old Chinese: shrū́

Western Han Chinese: ṣhǝ̄́w

Eastern Han Chinese: ṣhǝ̄́w

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṣhǝ̣̄́w

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṣhạ̄́w

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṣhạ̄́w

Middle Chinese: c̣hạ́w

English meaning : to roast, fry [Wei]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) поджарить (на сковороде); пережарить, сжечь; 2) ссориться, препираться, вм. 吵

Comments: Also read xào in Viet. Standard Sino-Viet. is xao. Originally written as **, which (together with the Bai reading) makes the reconstruction *shrūʔ probable. Besides Viet. sao there are obvious Austric parallels (Yao chau.1, Khmu ča:w 'boil, cook') - also possibly borrowed from Chinese.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 86

Four-angle index: 4065

Vietnamese reading: sao

Jianchuan Bai: chu1

Dali Bai: chu1

Character: 炊

Modern (Beijing) reading: chuī

Preclassic Old Chinese: thoj

Classic Old Chinese: thwaj

Western Han Chinese: thwaj

Eastern Han Chinese: ćhwe

Early Postclassic Chinese: ćhwe

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćhwe

Late Postclassic Chinese: ćhwe

Middle Chinese: ćhwe

English meaning : to boil, prepare food [L.Zhou]

Russian meaning[s]: варить (стряпать, готовить) пищу; разводить огонь (для готовки); [chuì] надвигаться (о тучах пыли)

Comments: Standard Sino-Viet. is xuy; cf. also Viet. xôi 'to steam (rice); steamed glutinous rice'.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 86

Four-angle index: 4839

Karlgren code: 0030 b

Vietnamese reading: sôi

Character: 炙

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhì

Preclassic Old Chinese: tiak

Classic Old Chinese: tiak

Western Han Chinese: tiak

Eastern Han Chinese: ćiak

Early Postclassic Chinese: ćjek

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćjek

Late Postclassic Chinese: ćjek

Middle Chinese: ćek

English meaning : to roast, broil

Russian meaning[s]: 1) жарить; поджаривать, подсушивать на огне; 2) дружить, быть в хороших отношениях с...

Comments: Also read *tiak-s, MC ćà, Pek. zhè id.

Radical: 86

Four-angle index: 5482

Karlgren code: 0791 a

Character: 爬

Modern (Beijing) reading: pá

Russian meaning[s]: 1) ползти на четвереньках; ползать; ползком; пресмыкаться; 2) цепляться, взбираться, карабкаться; 3) чесать(ся)

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 87

Four-angle index: 4866

Character: 爭

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhēng

Preclassic Old Chinese: ćrēŋ

Classic Old Chinese: crēŋ

Western Han Chinese: c̣ēŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: c̣iēŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: c̣iẹ̄ŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: c̣iẹ̄ŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: c̣iẹ̄ŋ

Middle Chinese: c̣ạiŋ

Fanqie: 菑耕 [a] 滓迸 [b]

Rhyme class: 庚 [ab]

English meaning : to fight, quarrel

Russian meaning[s]: 1) бороться за...; соревноваться, соперничать, конкурировать; 2) оспаривать; спорить; 3) ср. кит. как?, каким образом?; 4) увещевать; указывать на недостатки

Shuowen gloss: 引也. 從{爪又}厂.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 87

Four-angle index: 3291

Karlgren code: 0811 a-b

Vietnamese reading: tranh

Character: 爸

Modern (Beijing) reading: bà

Preclassic Old Chinese: baʔ

Classic Old Chinese: bá

Western Han Chinese: bá

Eastern Han Chinese: bwá

Early Postclassic Chinese: bwó

Middle Postclassic Chinese: bwó

Late Postclassic Chinese: bwó

Middle Chinese: bwấ

English meaning : father

Russian meaning[s]: вост. диал. отец, папа

Comments: A late dialectal (attested since Tang) version of 父 *baʔ q.v.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 88

Four-angle index: 7147

Character: 版

Modern (Beijing) reading: bǎn

Preclassic Old Chinese: prānʔ

Classic Old Chinese: prā́n

Western Han Chinese: prā́n

Eastern Han Chinese: prā́n

Early Postclassic Chinese: pạ̄́n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: pạ̄́n

Late Postclassic Chinese: pạ̄́n

Middle Chinese: pạ́n

English meaning : a board

Russian meaning[s]: 1) доска для печатания, клише; издание; 2) дощечка для письма; списки, реестр; 3) доски (для постройки стен дома); 4) восемь чи; 5) см. 板

Comments: In Viet. cf. also pha`n 'plank bed, camp-bed' (a colloquial loan from the same source?); ván 'plank, board'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 91

Four-angle index: 5966

Karlgren code: 0262 k

Vietnamese reading: bàn

Character: 牧

Modern (Beijing) reading: mù

Preclassic Old Chinese: mǝk

Classic Old Chinese: mǝk

Western Han Chinese: mǝk

Eastern Han Chinese: mwǝk

Early Postclassic Chinese: mwɨk

Middle Postclassic Chinese: muk

Late Postclassic Chinese: muk

Middle Chinese: mük

English meaning : pasture; herdsman

Russian meaning[s]: 1) пастух; пастырь; пасти; пастись; 2) пастбище, выгон; подножный корм; 3) опекать, заведовать; управлять; правитель

Comments: For *m- cf. Xiamen bok⁸, Chaozhou mok⁸, Fuzhou muk⁸.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 93

Four-angle index: 6172

Karlgren code: 1037 a-c

Shijing occurrences: 42.3

Character: 物

Modern (Beijing) reading: wù

Preclassic Old Chinese: mhǝt

Classic Old Chinese: mhǝt

Western Han Chinese: mhǝt

Eastern Han Chinese: mhwǝt

Early Postclassic Chinese: mhwɨt

Middle Postclassic Chinese: mhwɨt

Late Postclassic Chinese: mhwɨt

Middle Chinese: müt

English meaning : variety; variety of objects, objects, things

Russian meaning[s]: 1) вещь, предмет; тело; продукт; товар; материя, вещество; материальный, вещественный; объективный; 2) дело, обстоятельство; 3) разыскивать, искать, исследовать; 4) значок, символ; 5) 5-у число (в телеграммах)

Comments: For *mh cf. Jianou o⁷, Longdu muat⁷.

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 93

Four-angle index: 4377

Karlgren code: 0503 h-i

Vietnamese reading: vật

Character: 狀

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhuàng

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʒ́(h)raŋs

Classic Old Chinese: ʒ(h)raŋh

Western Han Chinese: ʒ̣(h)aŋh

Eastern Han Chinese: ʒ̣(h)aŋh

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʒ̣(h)àŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʒ̣(h)àŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʒ̣(h)àŋ

Middle Chinese: ʒ̣ àŋ

English meaning : form, shape, appearance.

Russian meaning[s]: 1) наружность, вид, лицо; положение, состояние; описывать, изображать; 2) официальная бумага, отношение, свидетельство, прошение, жалоба; лист, диплом; 3) заслуги, достоинства; 4) стар. литературный жанр

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 94

Four-angle index: 4959

Karlgren code: 0727 s

Character: 狎

Modern (Beijing) reading: xiá

Preclassic Old Chinese: ghrāp

Classic Old Chinese: ghrāp

Western Han Chinese: ɣrāp

Eastern Han Chinese: ɣrāp

Early Postclassic Chinese: ɣạ̄p

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ɣạ̄p

Late Postclassic Chinese: ɣạ̄p

Middle Chinese: ɣạp

English meaning : be familiar with

Russian meaning[s]: 1) привыкать, приручаться; 2) бесцеремонно, грубо; непристойно; пренебрегать, третировать; 3) фамильярничать; заигрывать; 4) сменять

Comments: For *gh cf. Xiamen aʔ⁸, Chaozhou ap⁸, Fuzhou ak⁸.

Radical: 94

Four-angle index: 2639

Karlgren code: 0629 g

Character: 狙

Modern (Beijing) reading: jū

Russian meaning[s]: 1) обезьяна; 2) коварный, вероломный; 3) высматривать, шпионить

Radical: 94

Four-angle index: 602

Character: 狗

Modern (Beijing) reading: gǒu

Preclassic Old Chinese: kōʔ

Classic Old Chinese: kṓ

Western Han Chinese: kwā́

Eastern Han Chinese: kwā́

Early Postclassic Chinese: kṓw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kǝ̄̀w

Late Postclassic Chinese: kǝ̄̀w

Middle Chinese: kʌ́w

English meaning : dog [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) собака; по-собачьи; 2) бран. собачий, сучий; 3) подхалимствовать, пресмыкаться

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 94

Four-angle index: 4319

Karlgren code: 0108 d

Character: 狐

Modern (Beijing) reading: hú

Preclassic Old Chinese: g(h)ʷā

Classic Old Chinese: g(h)wā

Western Han Chinese: gā (~ ɣ-)

Eastern Han Chinese: gā (~ ɣ-)

Early Postclassic Chinese: gā (~ ɣ-)

Middle Postclassic Chinese: gā (~ ɣ-)

Late Postclassic Chinese: gā (~ ɣ-)

Middle Chinese: ɣo

English meaning : fox

Russian meaning[s]: 1) лиса; лисий; 2) оборотень; колдун, чертовка, ведьма; 3) подозревать; мнить; мнительность; 4) Ху (фамилия)

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 94

Four-angle index: 4872

Karlgren code: 0041 i

Shijing occurrences: 37.3, 41.3_

Character: 玩

Modern (Beijing) reading: wán

Preclassic Old Chinese: ŋōnʔs

Classic Old Chinese: ŋwānh

Western Han Chinese: ŋwānh

Eastern Han Chinese: ŋwānh

Early Postclassic Chinese: ŋwā̀n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ŋwā̀n

Late Postclassic Chinese: ŋwā̀n

Middle Chinese: ŋwần

English meaning : plaything; to play with [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) играть, забавляться; игрушка, безделушка; 2) развлекаться, гулять; [wàn] 1) разыгрывать, смеяться (над кем-л.); 2) изучать; упражняться

Comments: For *ŋ- cf. Xiamen uan³, Chaozhou ŋueŋ³, Fuzhou ŋuaŋ⁶ (Xiamen and Chaozhou point to a variant *ŋōnʔ).

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 96

Four-angle index: 7293

Karlgren code: 0257 k

Character: 玨

Modern (Beijing) reading: jué

Preclassic Old Chinese: krōk

Classic Old Chinese: krōk

Western Han Chinese: krōk

Eastern Han Chinese: krōk

Early Postclassic Chinese: kọ̄k

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kọ̄k

Late Postclassic Chinese: kọ̄k

Middle Chinese: kạuk

Russian meaning[s]: парная яшма; пара драгоценных камней

Radical: 96

Four-angle index: 313

Character: 玟

Modern (Beijing) reading: wén

Preclassic Old Chinese: m(h)rǝn

Classic Old Chinese: m(h)rǝn

Western Han Chinese: m(h)rǝn

Eastern Han Chinese: m(h)rǝn

Early Postclassic Chinese: m(h)in

Middle Postclassic Chinese: m(h)in

Late Postclassic Chinese: m(h)in

Middle Chinese: min

English meaning : precious stone [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: узоры (полосы) на яшме; [méi] вм. 玫

Radical: 96

Four-angle index: 6397

Karlgren code: 0475 o-p

Character: 玫

Modern (Beijing) reading: méi

Preclassic Old Chinese: m(h)ǝ̄j

Classic Old Chinese: m(h)ǝ̄j

Western Han Chinese: m(h)ǝ̄j

Eastern Han Chinese: m(h)ǝ̄j

Early Postclassic Chinese: m(h)ǝ̄j

Middle Postclassic Chinese: m(h)ǝ̄j

Late Postclassic Chinese: m(h)ǝ̄j

Middle Chinese: moj

English meaning : a k. of pearl

Russian meaning[s]: 玫瑰 1) мин. биотит; 2) роза; 3) мэйгуй (название вина)

Radical: 96

Four-angle index: 6159

Karlgren code: 0546 b

Character: 疝

Modern (Beijing) reading: shàn

Russian meaning[s]: 1) грыжа; 2) судорога

Radical: 104

Four-angle index: 981

Character: 疙

Modern (Beijing) reading: gē

Russian meaning[s]: 1) чирей, болячка, нарыв, прыщ; 2) глупый, тупой

Radical: 104

Four-angle index: 7793